I. Basic Structure
1. Truck Chassis
Provides driving power and load-bearing foundation. Common types include light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty truck chassis, which determine the vehicle’s load capacity, driving performance, and registered tonnage.
2. Lifting Working Device
Includes boom, slewing mechanism, winch, luffing cylinder, and telescopic cylinder. It is responsible for lifting, luffing, telescoping, and slewing movements.
3. Hydraulic System
Consists of power take-off (PTO), hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors, valve groups, pipelines, and oil tank. It is the core power source for executing movements.
4. Outrigger System
Divided into front outriggers and rear outriggers. Must be extended and supported on the ground during operation to distribute pressure, ensure vehicle stability, and prevent overturning.
5. Control System
Has three modes: cab control, side manual control, and wireless remote control. The crane can be operated remotely or at close range.
6. Safety Protection Devices
Include load moment limiter, height limiter, range limiter, hydraulic lock, and emergency stop button, to prevent accidents caused by overloading and over-travel.
II. Main Classification
1. According to Boom Structure
- Telescopic Straight Boom: Simple structure, easy maintenance, large operating radius. Suitable for open sites and heavy lifting.
- Articulated Folding Boom: Small size, flexible movement, multi-angle operation. Suitable for narrow spaces and complex working conditions.
2. According to Crane Installation Position
Divided into front-mounted, mid-mounted, and rear-mounted. Front-mounted type has good stability and is the most widely used.
III. Working Principle
The vehicle engine transmits power to the hydraulic pump through the power take-off (PTO). The hydraulic pump generates high-pressure oil to drive cylinders and motors, realizing boom telescoping, luffing, slewing, and winch rope retracting, thus completing the lifting, moving, and lowering of heavy objects.
IV. Main Features & Advantages
- Dual functions in one vehicle: Both cargo transportation and self-lifting are available, saving the cost of an additional crane.
- High mobility: Can drive directly on roads, fast transference, suitable for mobile operations.
- High efficiency: No need to wait for an external crane for loading and unloading; operate and leave immediately.
- Strong adaptability: Can be equipped with accessories such as hanging baskets, brick clamps, log grapples, and drilling machines to expand multiple functions.
V. Safety Operation Rules
- Outriggers must be extended and firmly supported before operation. Lifting without outriggers is strictly prohibited.
- Operate strictly in accordance with the rated lifting capacity. Overloading, oblique pulling, and dragging are strictly prohibited.
- No standing within the operating radius. Keep away from high-voltage lines and other dangerous areas.
- Operators must receive training and hold certificates to work. Regularly inspect the hydraulic system, brakes, and steel wire ropes.
